| Condition | Definition | Symptoms | Diagnosis | Treatment |
| Endometriosis | Endometriosis is a complex reproductive health condition characterized by the presence of tissue similar to the lining of the uterus (the endometrium) growing outside the uterine cavity. This abnormal growth can be found on the ovaries, fallopian tubes, pelvic lining, and other organs within the pelvis. The misplaced tissue continues to act as it normally would—it thickens, breaks down, and bleeds with each menstrual cycle. However, because this tissue has no way to exit the body, it can lead to inflammation, scar tissue formation, and adhesions. | Often the most common symptom, which can be debilitating and is typically experienced before and during menstruation.
Severe menstrual cramps may worsen over time. Discomfort or deep pain during or after sex. Heavy menstrual periods or bleeding between periods. Chronic fatigue, which could be related to pain and hormonal imbalances. Endometriosis can affect fertility, making it difficult for some women to conceive. |
Diagnosis often involves a combination of a pelvic exam, imaging tests (such as ultrasounds or magnetic resonance imaging), and sometimes a laparoscopic surgery, which allows direct visualization of the endometrial lesions. | Treatment options may include over-the-counter pain relief medications (such as NSAIDs), hormonal therapies (to regulate or suppress menstruation), and in severe cases, surgical interventions to remove endometrial implants or even a hysterectomy for those who no longer wish to have children. |
| Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS): | PCOS is one of the most common hormonal disorders affecting women of reproductive age. The condition is characterized by a combination of symptoms resulting from hormonal imbalances, particularly excess androgens (often referred to as male hormones) and insulin resistance. Many women with PCOS have multiple small cysts on their ovaries, although not all women with PCOS will develop cysts. | Women may experience infrequent periods or may not menstruate at all.
Excess hair growth in areas where men typically grow hair, such as the face, chest, and back. Skin changes due to hormonal imbalances result in frequent breakouts. Androgen-related hair thinning or male-pattern baldness. Many women experience difficulty losing weight or obesity due to insulin resistance. Increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes and other metabolic syndromes. |
Diagnosing PCOS typically involves a review of medical history, a physical exam indicating signs of excess androgen, blood tests to measure hormone levels, and ultrasounds to examine the ovaries. | Management strategies may include lifestyle interventions such as dietary changes and exercise, hormonal birth control to regulate menstrual cycles, anti-androgen medications to alleviate hirsutism and acne, and insulin-sensitizing agents such as metformin. |
| Uterine Fibroids: | Uterine fibroids are benign tumours that develop in the muscular wall of the uterus. These growths are made up of smooth muscle and fibrous tissue and can vary in size from tiny seedlings to large masses that can distort the uterus. Fibroids can occur singularly or in clusters and are quite common among women of reproductive age. | Many women experience prolonged or excessive bleeding during their periods due to fibroids.
Fibroids can exert pressure on nearby organs, leading to discomfort and pain.
Compression from larger fibroids can hinder bladder function. Discomfort during sexual activity may occur if fibroids cause pressure in the pelvic region. |
Diagnosis is typically made through a pelvic exam, imaging tests such as ultrasounds, or advanced imaging techniques like magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). | Treatment options are varied and depend on the size, location, and symptoms caused by fibroids. Options include pain medications, hormonal therapies to manage bleeding, and surgical treatments such as myomectomy (removal of fibroids) or hysterectomy (removal of the uterus), especially if the fibroids are causing significant discomfort or health risks. |
A word from ZIVA Fertility clinics about Endometriosis vs PCOS vs Fibroids
Endometriosis is characterized by endometrial-like tissue growing outside the uterus, primarily causing intense pain and fertility issues. PCOS involves hormonal imbalances with a wide range of symptoms, including irregular periods and metabolic concerns, often managed through lifestyle changes and hormonal treatments. Uterine Fibroids are non-cancerous tumours within the uterus, leading to heavy menstrual bleeding and pressure symptoms, managed through medical or surgical interventions. If you suspect you have any of these conditions, please consult us at ZIVA Fertility clinics for an accurate diagnosis and an effective treatment plan tailored to your needs. For more information, please visit our website https://zivafertility.com/ or contact us at 919100002737, +919347406900, info@zivafertility.com
