A thin endometrium is a condition where the lining of the uterus is abnormally thin, which can hinder implantation and affect fertility.
There are multiple causes for this condition, including:
- Genital Tuberculosis (TB)
Genital TB is a significant cause of thin endometrium, especially in regions where tuberculosis is prevalent. The infection can cause inflammation, scarring, and damage to the uterine lining, leading to reduced thickness and compromised implantation potential. - History of Repeated Curettage
Recurrent dilation and curettage (D&C) procedures can damage the basal layer of the endometrium, resulting in scarring or adhesions known as Asherman’s syndrome. This scar tissue can prevent normal regeneration of the endometrial lining, causing it to become thin and less receptive to embryo implantation.
Other Important Causes Include:
- Hormonal Imbalance: Low estrogen levels, which are critical for endometrial thickening, can result in a thin lining.
- Age: The endometrial thickness naturally decreases with age, especially after 35 years.
- Poor Uterine Blood Flow: Decreased blood circulation to the uterus can impair endometrial growth.
- Infections or Chronic Inflammation: Conditions like chronic endometritis can damage the uterine lining.
- Use of Certain Medications: Long-term use of oral contraceptives or ovulation-inducing drugs may affect endometrial thickness.
- Other Causes: Autoimmune diseases, polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), or structural uterine abnormalities.
Impact on Fertility
A thin endometrium poses challenges for embryo implantation and can lead to infertility or recurrent miscarriages. Treatments aim to restore proper thickness and improve fertility outcomes.
Conclusion
Thin endometrium may be caused by infections such as genital tuberculosis and repeated uterine procedures like curettage. Early diagnosis and treatment are essential to improve uterine lining health and enhance fertility potential. Consulting a fertility specialist can provide targeted therapies to address this condition and help achieve a successful pregnancy.