Ovarian Hyperstimulation Syndrome (OHSS) is a potential complication of fertility treatments that stimulate the ovaries. Early and accurate diagnosis is crucial to managing symptoms and preventing severe complications.
How is OHSS Diagnosed?
1. Physical Examination
The healthcare provider looks for physical signs such as:
- Rapid weight gain
- Increased abdominal girth due to fluid accumulation
- Abdominal pain and tenderness
- Signs of dehydration or fluid imbalance
- Swelling in legs or vulva
2. Ultrasound
An ultrasound scan is used to:
- Assess the size of the ovaries, which may be enlarged with multiple cysts
- Detect fluid accumulation in the abdomen or chest (ascites or pleural effusion)
- Monitor ovarian response during fertility treatment
3. Blood Tests
Blood tests help evaluate the severity and impact of OHSS by measuring:
- Hematocrit (for blood concentration)
- Kidney function markers (creatinine, electrolytes)
- Liver enzymes
- Hormone levels
- Signs of inflammation or blood clotting abnormalities
Summary
Diagnosing OHSS typically involves a combination of:
- Thorough physical examination to assess symptoms and signs
- Ultrasound imaging to evaluate ovarian size and fluid accumulation
- Blood tests to monitor blood changes and organ function
Early detection allows timely management to prevent progression to severe forms of OHSS.
Conclusion
Prompt and accurate diagnosis of OHSS is key to ensuring patient safety during fertility treatment. Combining physical examination, ultrasound imaging, and blood tests provides a comprehensive approach for identifying and assessing OHSS severity, enabling appropriate and effective care.