Infertility can be a difficult and emotional challenge for couples trying to conceive. It’s typically defined as the inability to get pregnant after 12 months of regular, unprotected intercourse. While many people assume infertility only becomes obvious when pregnancy doesn’t happen, there are several signs and symptoms in both males and females that may point to an underlying fertility issue.
Understanding these early warning signs can help you seek the right medical help sooner.
Signs and Symptoms of Infertility in Women
Female infertility can be caused by ovulation disorders, hormonal imbalances, structural problems in the reproductive system, or age-related factors. Here are common signs to look out for:
1. Irregular or Absent Periods
- Menstrual cycles that are too long, too short, or unpredictable could indicate a problem with ovulation.
2. Painful Periods
- Severe cramps, pelvic pain, or pain during sex may signal endometriosis or other reproductive health issues.
3. Hormonal Imbalances
- Symptoms like unexplained weight gain, excessive facial/body hair, acne, or thinning hair may indicate polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) or other hormonal disorders.
4. No Menstrual Cycle
- Amenorrhea (complete absence of menstruation) is often linked to infertility and should be investigated.
5. Recurrent Miscarriages
- Two or more miscarriages may point to hormonal, genetic, or uterine problems affecting fertility.
Signs and Symptoms of Infertility in Men
Male infertility often relates to issues with sperm production, function, or delivery. Many men don’t notice obvious symptoms, but some signs may include:
1. Problems with Sexual Function
- Difficulty with ejaculation, reduced libido, or erectile dysfunction could be linked to hormonal or physical causes.
2. Pain, Swelling, or Lumps in the Testicle Area
- These could indicate conditions such as varicocele or infections, which may impact sperm health.
3. Low Sperm Count
- Often only detected through a semen analysis, but it remains one of the leading causes of male infertility.
4. Hormonal Symptoms
- Decreased facial or body hair, low sex drive, or other signs of testosterone deficiency may be related to fertility issues.
5. Recurrent Respiratory Infections or Genetic Disorders
- Some underlying genetic or medical conditions can impact sperm movement or development.
When to See a Fertility Specialist
You should consider seeing a fertility specialist if:
- You’ve been trying to conceive for 12 months (or 6 months if you’re over 35)
- You have a history of irregular cycles, miscarriage, or known reproductive health issues
- Either partner has signs or symptoms listed above
Early evaluation and diagnosis can increase the chances of successful treatment.
Final Thoughts
Infertility affects both men and women—and recognizing the signs early can lead to faster solutions. Whether you’re just starting to try or have been struggling for some time, know that help is available. With the right medical support, many couples go on to successfully conceive.
Need help starting your fertility journey?
Contact our clinic today to schedule a consultation with one of our specialists.