Infertility is a medical condition in which a couple is unable to achieve pregnancy after one year of regular, unprotected sexual intercourse.
In women aged 35 or older, the time frame is reduced to six months due to a natural decline in fertility with age.
Infertility can be:
- Primary infertility – when a couple has never been able to conceive.
- Secondary infertility – when a couple has had a pregnancy before but is unable to conceive again.
It can occur due to:
- Female factors – such as ovulation disorders (like PCOS), blocked fallopian tubes, endometriosis, or uterine abnormalities.
- Male factors – such as low sperm count, poor sperm motility, or structural issues.
- Combined factors – where both partners have fertility challenges.
- Unexplained infertility – where no specific cause is found despite testing.
Infertility is not uncommon, and many couples may need medical support such as medications, IUI, or IVF to achieve a successful pregnancy.
Early consultation with a fertility specialist is the key to timely diagnosis and treatment.