Assessing ovarian reserve is a crucial step in understanding a woman’s reproductive potential, especially in fertility evaluations. While several hormonal markers and ultrasound parameters are used, Anti-Müllerian Hormone (AMH) has emerged as one of the most reliable indicators. Unlike other hormones that fluctuate with different phases of the menstrual cycle, AMH provides a stable, consistent insight into the ovarian reserve.
Minimal Variability Within and Between Cycles
One of the strongest advantages of AMH as a marker is its stability. Unlike follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) or estradiol, which can vary significantly from one cycle to another or even within the same cycle, AMH levels show very little intracycle and intercycle variability. This makes it easier for clinicians to evaluate ovarian reserve without being restricted to specific days of the menstrual cycle.
Early Indicator of Declining Fertility
AMH is also known to be the earliest hormonal marker to decline with age. Since AMH is directly produced by the granulosa cells of small ovarian follicles, its levels start reducing well before major changes are seen in other markers. This early decline allows physicians to detect diminishing ovarian reserve much sooner, enabling timely fertility planning and interventions.
Consistency Across the Menstrual Cycle
Another key benefit of AMH is that it is measurable throughout the menstrual cycle. Other hormones, such as FSH and luteinizing hormone (LH), must be checked at specific times in the cycle for accurate results. AMH, by contrast, remains steady, making testing more convenient and less time-sensitive.
Conclusion
Because AMH shows minimal fluctuation, declines earlier than other markers, and can be measured at any point in the cycle, it has become the gold standard for assessing ovarian reserve. For women exploring their fertility potential or planning future pregnancies, AMH testing offers reliable insights that help guide both medical decisions and personal choices.