Endometriosis is one of the most common conditions affecting women of reproductive age and is a major cause of infertility. It occurs when the tissue that normally lines the uterus grows outside it, leading to painful symptoms and difficulty in conception.
Here’s everything you need to know about endometriosis and its impact on fertility:
1. What is Endometriosis?
Endometriosis is a medical condition in which endometrial tissue (normally found inside the uterus) grows in places like the ovaries, fallopian tubes, and pelvic cavity. This misplaced tissue thickens, breaks down, and bleeds during each menstrual cycle, causing inflammation, scarring, and adhesions.
2. Symptoms of Endometriosis
Endometriosis symptoms may vary, but the most common include:
- Unusually heavy bleeding between periods
- Severe pain during intercourse
- Painful urination and bowel movements
- Cramps and pain during ovulation
3. Why Does Endometriosis Cause Infertility?
- It can damage the fallopian tubes and ovaries.
- Causes scar tissue and adhesions that block egg and sperm movement.
- Leads to hormonal imbalances affecting ovulation.
- Increases risk of poor egg quality due to inflammation.
4. Who Should Consider Testing and Treatment?
- Women with severe pelvic pain during periods or intercourse.
- Those experiencing irregular or heavy bleeding.
- Couples unable to conceive after 6–12 months of trying.
- Women with a family history of endometriosis.
Conclusion
Endometriosis is not just a painful condition—it is also a leading cause of infertility. However, with timely diagnosis and the right fertility treatments (like laparoscopy, IVF, or IUI), many women with endometriosis successfully achieve pregnancy. If you are experiencing the symptoms above, consult a fertility specialist to explore the best treatment options for you.